For these reasons, clinical trials are designed to find better ways to treat cancer patients and are based on the latest information. They are conducting clinical trials in many countries for most stages of ALL.

Untreated
The treatment will probably be systemic chemotherapy. This could involve intrathecal chemotherapy alone or combined with either radiotherapy to the brain or high doses of systemic chemotherapy to treat or prevent the onset of leukemia in the brain.

Treatment also may include blood transfusions, antibiotics and instructions to keep body and teeth especially clean. New drugs are being evaluated in clinical trials.

In remission
The patient may be one of the following treatments:
- Clinical trials of high dose chemotherapy in the short term, low dose followed by long-term chemotherapy .- Clinical trials of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
- Clinical trials of autologous bone marrow transplantation.
- Intrathecal chemotherapy alone or combined with radiation to the brain or systemic chemotherapy in high doses, to prevent the growth of leukemia cells in the brain (CNS prophylaxis).

Appellant
The patient may receive radiation therapy to relieve symptoms or could choose to take part in a clinical trial of bone marrow transplantation.

Incoming search terms for the article:

• hasil PMDK UNP

There are treatments for all patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The main treatment for this condition is chemotherapy, although radiotherapy may be used in certain cases. Bone marrow transplantation is being evaluated in clinical trials.

Chemotherapy uses drugs to destroy cancer cells. These can be taken orally or injected into a vein or muscle. Chemotherapy is a systemic treatment because the drug enters the bloodstream, travels through the body and can kill cancer cells throughout the body. Medications can sometimes be administered in the fluid surrounding the brain by inserting a needle into the brain or back (intrathecal chemotherapy).

Radiotherapy involves using x-rays or other high-energy rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. For ALL radiation usually comes from a machine outside the body (external radiation therapy).

Treatment of ALL consists of two phases. The first is called induction therapy, and its purpose is to destroy as many of leukemic cells and cause the patient to go into remission. Once in remission with no signs of leukemia, apply a second treatment phase (called continuation therapy) in which they seek to destroy remaining leukemia cells. Patients may receive chemotherapy for several years in order to remain in remission.

If the leukemia cells have spread to the brain, the patient may receive radiation or chemotherapy to the brain. You may also be submitted to prophylaxis of central nervous system (CNS), another type of therapy to prevent the growth of leukemic cells in the brain during induction therapy and remission.

Bone marrow transplantation is used to replace bone marrow with healthy marrow. First, it destroys all the body’s bone marrow using high-dose chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy. Then he takes healthy bone marrow from another person (a donor) whose tissue is equal or nearly equal to the patient.

The donor may be a twin (the best option), a brother or sister, or any person who is not related to the patient. The donor’s healthy marrow is injected into a vein in the patient, replacing the destroyed bone marrow. Bone marrow transplants in which bone marrow is used for a relative or a person who has no kinship with the patient are called allogeneic bone marrow transplants.

Another type of bone marrow transplant, called autologous bone marrow transplantation is being evaluated in clinical trials. To carry out this type of transplant, bone marrow is extracted from the patient and treated with drugs to kill any cancer cells. This bone marrow was frozen and stored. Then the patient receives high-dose chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy to destroy any remaining bone marrow. Finally, the bone marrow that was saved is then thawed and injected into a vein and replace the destroyed bone marrow.

There is a greater chance of recovery if the doctor chooses a hospital in which more than five bone marrow transplants each year.

Incoming search terms for the article:

• PENAMPAKAN SALIB